Live fire exercises should prepare soldiers for their missions as realistically as possible. "Train as you fight" represents the ideal conception for military exercises. Consequently, the correct tactical behavior in the field requires complementation by live fire as an essential element. On the other hand, there are restrictions for live firing resulting from the efforts to ensure safety of trainees, trainers and third parties as well as the protection and preservation of equipment. In particular, the realistic representation of intelligent enemy forces is a major gap that can be closed by the increasing availability of robotic systems that can be used to represent people in dangerous areas.
The integration of robotic systems (and other moder techniques such as AR and VR) into established range systems and use them together with other widely used technologies like pop-up targets, poses major challenges since the existing structures often lack the relevant prerequisites.

This paper provides a requirement analysis for a digitally networked training environment comprising modern training resources and established techniques. Further, we outline how a training system might look like and how various possible use cases fit into the connected environment. We show how digitalization assists during training execution including evaluation and after-action review going beyond the pure "train as you fight".
This paper highlights technical requirements for a future combat training system and presents a resulting system architecture. We outline the realization of the Future Combat Training System theoretically and present already implemented functionalities with practical examples.