Keywords
QUANTUM COMPUTINGLearning Objective 1
Identify the three aspects of quantum information scienceLearning Objective 2
Describe the difference between a quantum bit (qubit) and a classical (0/1) bitLearning Objective 3
Explain how superposition/entanglement facilitate quantum cryptography/teleportation and makes quantum computing relevant todayLearning Objective 4
Identify different computational models for quantum optimization and their applicationsLearning Objective 5
Describe the four families of quantum machine learning and variations of quantum neural networksAbstract
The mystery and excitement surrounding quantum computing (QC) is on par with AI and machine learning. In fact, some believe QC is the future of machine learning, i.e., quantum machine learning (QML). In this tutorial, we will identify concepts of quantum mechanics that apply to QC. We present quantum computer state of the art and corresponding challenges. Fundamental and relevant QC concepts such as qubits, superposition, entanglement, and interference will be presented. Applications to cryptography and teleportation will show the relevance of today’s QC. We will introduce the quantum Fourier transform and quantum optimization and explain why QC is believed to be the future of QML. We will also challenge some popular QC myths, particularly the claim QC will render the classical binary computer obsolete. This tutorial has three major sections:
(1) Single qubits, where the qubit is introduced, the concept of superposition is explained including graphical representations, and single-qubit operators (gates) are introduced; concluding with a quantum cryptography example which combines the concepts learned so far.
(2) Multiple qubits, where multi-qubit operators (gates) are introduced along with the concepts of entanglement and interference, concluding with a quantum teleportation example demonstrating newly learned concepts.
(3) An introduction to the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) and how Shor’s algorithm breaks RSA encryption; and introduce quantum optimization with its implications for QML.
The tutorial finishes with where to find more information on various topics, a reference list, and time for questions and answers.