Wearable technology has great potential to transform the healthcare industry. Research has also shown that the use of checklists is effective in improving patient safety during surgery, and for navigating complex tasks. This study assesses the utility and effectiveness of using wearable technologies to incorporate and display checklists in a medical training simulation. The use of commercially available head- or wrist-worn devices (e.g. Google Glass or Galaxy Gear, respectively) as tools to perform post-operative action review of team-based operating room (OR) procedures is assessed using two conditions: one using a shared checklist, and one without a checklist. The experiment consists of a team-based simulated operating room scenario for a mock code event, aided by healthcare providers simulating the tasks of health professionals, including doctors and nurses. Quantitative evaluations performed include assessments of latency and performance of near real-time video transfer over Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth communication, quality of the capture feed for post-operative review, evidence of overheating and battery issues, and the use of screen cast mirroring to display video captured by Google Glass units onto screens of various sizes. Qualitative evaluations performed include attitudes towards simulators with respect to system performance lag and delay, levels of distraction caused by the heads-up display, perceived utility of checklists in training environments or in OR environments, feelings of cognitive overload, and user interface/user experience reactions or recommendations. Frequency analysis revealed no issues with audio quality, battery, or overheating, and the wearable devices were not distracting for task completion. However, there was lag in video mirroring and audio capture for smart watch users. The checklist application did not distract participants, but the extra step contributed to a higher mental effort. Results warrant further exploration and could impact training by allowing the user an iterative instructional approach while potentially providing support to the provider during difficult or uncommon operative procedures.
Health Care Teamwork: Augmented Training Assessment in a Simulated Operating Room (OR) Environment
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