Combat Air Force (CAF) Distributed Mission Operation (DMO) is the foundation for revolutionizing training for the U.S. Air Force. CAF DMO training systems are composed of high fidelity man-in-the-loop virtual cockpits for training pilots, weapon system officers, and Command, Control, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C2ISR) crew stations. The CAF DMO training architecture has been successfully implemented to provide a routine daily, global virtual-constructive training capability for the warfighter. With the maturation of the CAF DMO program over the past eight years, the architecture implementation has begun addressing future training challenges to include coalition participation.

This paper presents several challenges the team faced integrating coalition assets into the CAF DMO via the implementation of a Multi-National Security Solution (MNSS). Significant management, policy, and technical challenges arise when fielding a distributed, interoperable MNSS to allow training with coalition countries. The authors describe the challenges in the security, policy, and technical areas and how they have been addressed in the CAF DMO for a coalition training event conducted in early 2008. Discussion of the technical challenges spans interoperability (e.g. protocol, process, performance) solutions/standards associated with the integration of disparate high-fidelity man-in-the-loop simulators.

This paper also describes the difficulties faced in implementing a Cross Domain Solution (CDS) in the recurring team training environment of CAF DMO. In particular, the authors explore some old and new CDS security certification and accreditation and security engineering challenges. They describe management, operational, and technical CDS approaches to address inference concerns and classical security risks. In conclusion, this paper presents some of the CDS lessons learned relating to these efforts.