With the establishment of the U.S. Space Force (USSF), it is imperative Airmen understand orbital mechanics and space operations. Concepts like Hohmann transfers and Rendezvous and Proximity Operations (RPO) for spacecraft orbital maneuvers can be time-consuming to teach and difficult to comprehend. Current teaching practices involve extensive textbook descriptions, whiteboard sketches, and two-dimensional (2D) animations. This research paper suggests Virtual Reality (VR) technology could improve comprehension and retention of orbital mechanics and space operations concepts. The paper begins with an overview of current threats to U.S. space superiority, as well as an outline of the latest U.S. military doctrine on space. This provides a background for the establishment of the USSF and the importance of having Airmen who are properly trained to operate spacecraft in the space domain. Next is a description of teaching basic orbital mechanics concepts using traditional “textbook” methods, followed by an explanation of what VR is and how it can be used for learning. This includes research on how people experience and comprehend VR, the latest VR technologies being developed, and some of the newest theories on learning including gamification and connectivism. Finally, the paper proposes potential methods for modernizing current orbital mechanics and space operations teaching practices by introducing VR technology combined with updated learning theories. The space domain is more congested and contested than ever, and VR is just the tool to prepare the next generation of space operators for this fast-paced and continually evolving environment.
Training
AIR FORCE ORBITAL MECHANICS & SPACE OPERATIONS TRAINING IN VIRTUAL REALITY
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