New developments in XR (virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality) technologies promise to transform how we train. Research results in industries such as manufacturing and construction seem to support this promise and innovative ideas are generating a multitude of new projects. How do we ensure we are getting the best return on investment (ROI) when using XR before we commit significant resources? What do we need to account for in advance before we invest in XR training solutions? What are the limitations in developing sound competencies and proficiencies in learners using XR technology during training?

Whenever industry introduces disruptive technologies, there exists the challenge of adoption and integration. Questions raised concerning effectiveness and return on investment are warranted and healthy. We intend to empower the military training industry with proven tools and processes, which can guide the adoption and refine how we employ XR technology.

This paper will survey and compare existing research on the effectiveness of XR training solutions and compare competency and proficiency results against traditional training methods. It will provide a media analysis model comparing new and traditional training methods that recommends the best approach based on cost, schedule, and quality of training for learners in a military training environment. It identifies changes in both project management and acquisition that will increase the Return on Investment (ROI). Finally, it will make recommendations on how and when to employ new tech to maximize training effectiveness and increase customers’ Return on Investment (ROI).