Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T) allows helicopter pilots to link with Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
and receive video feeds, control payloads, and direct UAS movements. Robust communications protocols are used
for this process, however, communications loss does occur due to signal strength, terrain, weather, and jamming.
Using live testing to create all of these conditions is difficult and has potential safety and cost issues. To address the
need for repeatable testing of these issues, a simulation environment was created to replicate the conditions using
live aircraft on the ground.
The Joint Unmanned Aircraft Systems Mission Environment (JUAS-ME) is a Central Test and Evaluation
Investment Program (CTEIP) for creating test environments for UAS testing. The Army’s portion of the program is
focused on MUM-T testing.
Two key technologies were developed to support this testing, Hardware-In-the-Loop (HWIL) tactical network
simulation and MIL-STD-1553 bus extension. A real-time network simulation that emulates the Standard Common
Data Link (SCDL) was built to perturb the data links between the helicopter and UAS. The communications effects
server can operate in a physics based mode, fault inject mode, and a hybrid mode. A key test requirement was to
exercise the use of the UAS’s onboard lasers that receive commands over a MIL-STD-1553 bus. These non-eye
safe lasers could not be fired in the UAS HWIL facility, resulting in the need to move the UAS sensor to another test
lab. This extension necessitated the development of a MIL-STD-1553 bus extender to link the test facilities that are
4 miles apart.
This paper describes the issues encountered in creating a tactical network simulation with HWIL interfaces and the
MIL-STD-1553 bus extender. In particular, several approaches were tried with the network simulation before a
workable solution was found. The techniques describe in this paper can be applied to other programs with similar
requirements.