A good stranger (GS) is a professional who can effectively integrate tact and tactics, in order to create positive
outcomes in difficult social encounters. For military personnel, creating positive social outcomes enhances mission
effectiveness and force security, and supports broader strategic and tactical objectives. Some evidence suggests that
military personnel may come into situations with preconceived ideas, or frames, about how to behave, not all of
which involve GS tactics. Deliberate training in a variety of such situations is required to gain more effective
control of people and situations. As part of a large DARPA-funded program maximizing especially high-risk, highconsequence
interactions occurring in unfamiliar social terrain, we investigated how to train military personnel on
GS skills in order to adapt to and successfully manage these interactions. Training was based on a theoretical
structure for GS skills-based interaction; generally this flow maps to the basic sequencing for most interactions that
produce positive end states: An approach, a period of framing, orientation and sensemaking, followed by
engagement in the evolving business of the encounter. This engagement often involves necessary rapport-building,
trouble recovery, and appropriate departure. We conducted an experiment with students at the Infantry Basic
Officers Leader Course at Ft. Benning using a browser-based tool developed under the DARPA funding. We
presented 32 students with a series of storylines, some having multiple injects, and asked the students to
demonstrate their perception of relevant cues in a scene as they observed the interaction depicted by the storyline.
We found this training to have a positive effect in increasing behaviors associated with a GS frame. In this paper we
detail the training approach, describe our study, and offer recommendations on improving GS skills training in
military personnel.
Enhancing Good Stranger Skills: A Method and Study
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