In aviation, there is currently a lack of accurate and timely situational information, specifically weather data, which is essential when dealing with the unpredictable complexities that can arise while flying. Both commercial and military pilots require weather information that is accurate, timely, and appropriate to their activities. For example, weather conditions that require immediate evasive action by the flight crew, such as isolated heavy rain, micro bursts, and atmospheric turbulence, require that the flight crew receive near real-time and precise information about the type, position, and intensity of those conditions. Designing a solution using an optimum Human Factors/Centered design strategy requires a systematic approach to maximize human performance. Human factors issues arise in considering how to display the various sources of weather information to the users of that information and how to integrate this display into the existing environment. In designing weather information display systems, it is necessary to meet the demands of different users, which requires an examination of the way in which the users process and use weather information. Using Human Centered Design methodologies and concepts will result in a safer, more efficient and more intuitive solution. Specific goals of this approach include 1) Enabling better fuel planning; 2) Allowing better divert strategies; 3) Ensuring pilots, navigators, dispatchers and mission planners are referencing weather from the same sources; 4) Improving aircrew awareness of aviation hazards such as turbulence, icing, hail and convective activity; 5) Addressing inconsistent availability of hazard forecasts outside the United States Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ); and 6) Promoting goal driven approaches versus event driven (prediction). This paper will a) define weather information requirements that deliver information, depending on the category of flight operations; b) identify the necessary steps for designing an improved human factors piece of equipment and / or software; and c) present a solution and additional emerging properties and considerations of an aircrew using an intuitive visual display in the cockpit. The proposed visual weather display concept provides a real time possibility of accessing vital data quickly and accurately.
Using Human Centered Design to Improve Flight Condition Situational Awareness
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