The U.S. Army Simulation and Training Technology Center (STTC) is performing research to improve the realism of the look, feel and smell of trauma simulations. STTC research results have generated improvements in the look and feel of man-worn or simulator-worn prosthetic injuries. Olfactory cues play an important role in memory and training. However, very few research studies have focused on olfactory stimulation in training situations. STTC olfactory research requirements include identifying simulated odorants that are safe to use and store, have a long shelf life, are usable in both indoor and outdoor training environments, and disperse quickly. Three STTC olfactory research programs generated results from technology evaluations, explored the benefits and cautions of odor usage, and led to ideas for more in-depth studies.