Research suggests that experts across many domains exhibit deficiencies in knowledge and skill that prevent them from achieving a more advanced level of expertise referred to as adaptive expertise. These deficiencies include undetected misperceptions, shallow comprehension of complex concepts, and knowledge that is not well integrated. A training system designed to address deficiencies such as these and improve tactical team adaptivity is being developed for use in U.S. Air Force Distributed Mission Training (DMT) exercises and F-16 squadrons. This system, called the Cognition-Centered Constructivistic Program of Instruction (C3PI), is designed to improve aircrew adaptivity by helping aircrews visualize the execution of their tactical standards, and by facilitating the acquisition of richer and more comprehensive knowledge about those standards, including knowledge that helps them both use and adapt them across a wide range of situations.
Facilitating Team Adaptivity in a Dynamic and Complex Tactical Environment
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