A paper presented by the author at I/ITSEC 2002 described the development of a new virtual reality (VR) system for training RAF Helicopter Voice Marshalling (HVM) students. The results of early human factors analyses of inflight behaviors were instrumental in delivering affordable, PC-based trainers hosting semi-immersive virtual environments, endowed with levels of fidelity and visual cues commensurate with the training tasks specified. Since the installation of the simulators at RAF Valley and Shawbury, reductions in the number of student failures following remedial VR training have been experienced. RAF instructors and students alike have commented positively on the benefits accrued and cost savings made by undertaking repeatable VR sessions prior to flying actual training sorties over land and sea. However, in some cases, concerns were raised that the simulators actually fell short of delivering a comprehensive training package, although this was due to budgetary limitations underpinning the original RAF statement of requirements. For example, RAF Valley personnel (Search And Rescue Training Unit, SARTU) drew attention to the need for a detailed virtual littoral (coastal) scene, in addition to the basic seascape environment already in place. Shawbury personnel also commented on the absence of a method of training the handling of under-slung loads and the need for greater accuracy in measuring student performance in confined area operations. This paper presents some of the recent enhancements to the original simulators, covering the development of the littoral environment in detail, together with early student results, observations and operational findings. In addition, there is growing RAF interest in extending the VR simulators even further to support rear-door gunnery training. The paper concludes with a relevant description of the recent development of a low-cost, general-purpose machine gun (GPMG) trainer to enhance the Royal Navy's Close-Range Weapons Simulator Facility at HMS Collingwood (also presented at I/ITSEC 2002).
The RAF Helicopter Voice Marshalling Simulator: Early Experiences & Recent Enhancements
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