Background
This paper describes the systems approach we used to develop and validate a virtual diagnostic and training solution for the ground transportation community, specifically those who hold a Commercial Drivers License (CDL). The training system integration includes a computer-based knowledge test, virtual mechanical compliance walk-around inspection, and simulator-based driving skills tests. Using a systems approach, we designed the Virtual Check Ride System (VCRS) to be a cost-effective, time-saving alternative to standard CDL testing and training.
ADDIE Model
Using the ADDIE (analysis, design, develop, implement, and evaluate) Instructional Design Model, we created a blended interactive multimedia intervention. Participant characteristics included commercial truck-driving students and expert drivers. Expert drivers were classified as drivers who have been driving commercial vehicles for more than three years and those with less than three years are classified as novice.
During the analysis phase, the Federal Department of Transportation (FDOT), Florida and Michigan State DOT, and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) from various truck driving schools were consulted to determine federal, state and corporate CDL knowledge and driving skills requirements and challenges. Various technologies, including driving simulators, were analyzed to determine what level of simulation technology worked best with this type of blended intervention. It was during this phase that we realized the ADDIE Model would not work on a performance and technology-based design effort.
A Diagnostic and Training Tool
Based on the analysis, a bank of 500 knowledge test questions were developed and internally validated by Subject Matter Experts (SME). The design phase began with a Computer Based Training (CBT) module, which generates a dynamic After-Action-Review (AAR). The CBT, AAR, and simulated driving scenarios (Off-Road, Rural, Urban, Freeway and City) were assessed by SMEs to measure driving performance, driving skill levels, and critical thinking skills. Implementation, evaluation and validation are currently in progress.
The validation scores collected thus far suggest that the Virtual Check Ride is a fair assessment of the CDL and may be a cost and time benefit if incorporated into the training and re-certification procedures of organizations.