The training device and simulation community has achieved the technological power to simulate military systems and operations with impressive realism. This technological strength is offset by the fact that we do not always consider the cost and potential training benefits of alternative approaches, and the training effectiveness of the training systems that we field.

This paper describes a joint R&D program between the Army Research Institute (ARI) and the Program Manager for Training Devices (PM TRADE) to provide training developers and engineers a set of tools to establish the capability for evaluating training alternatives with respect to: (1) desired effectiveness at minimum cost, or (2) maximum effectiveness at a given cost. We are developing computerized decision aids with supporting databases and procedures to help optimize the training development process.

The program upon which we have embarked addresses: (1) the implications of MANPRINT for developing simulator/device based training systems, (2) the analysis of training requirements to determine skills and knowledges to be trained; (3) the development of training strategies, (4) the question of how much simulation or fidelity is enough given that a training device or simulator is needed; and (5) the best manner of implementing embedded training. We are also examining optimal ways to organize and present the information needed for embedded training and electronically presented technical information.