Since the advent of the Total Force policy, the Army Reserve Components (Army National Guard and U.S. Army Reserve) have become a prime potential beneficiary of current and future technology applied to training. The Total Force policy has significantly reduced the mobilization time for the Reserve Components while placing those forces in a combat environment of rapidly increasing intensity. These conditions have converted the Reserve Components from a reserve army to an army in reserve. In spite of the similarity in mission between the Active. Component and the Reserve Components the Reserve Component training environment little resembles that of the Active Component and is little understood by the Active Component or industry. The Reserve Components' widely dispersed and constrained in training time, terrain, facilities, and equipment. Technology offers the potential to overcome many of these training difficulties. However, for the Reserve Components to benefit from technological potential, both the Active Component proponents and industry must educate themselves about the uniqueness of the Reserve Component training environment and commit to new development and marketing strategies.