The relative costs of Active forces and Reserve forces make Guard and Reserve units increasingly important in defense planning. With the inception of the Total Force policy, the training objectives of Guard and Reserve units became the same as those of Active units with similar missions. The other side of the economic coin that favors Reserve forces is less time and equipment for training, fewer training areas, and poorer training facilities. These factors plus geographic dispersion of Guard and Reserve units make the training environment for Reserve forces much different from that for Active forces. This paper is a progress report on Phase 1, Army Reserve components, of a study of technology and procedures to improve training programs of the Reserve components of the Services. The study methodology for Phase 1 is expected to be used for subsequent phases that examine the Navy and the Air Force.