While global leaders in Virtual Reality (VR) simulation maintain a strong presence in use-of-force scenarios, their VR systems are consumer-oriented. This leads to compromises that lack crucial qualities such as appropriate pistol weights and missing magazine clips, which military personnel train to recognize and control through muscle memory. Using consumer-focused equipment for training could contribute to hazards and reaction errors in the field.

Training officers in scenario-based decision making simulations is integral to preparing cadets for service; however, it is challenging to simulate the significance of real-life scenarios. The University of Regina and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) have partnered to resolve this by building effective tools to train the paramilitary. VR promises more life-like visuals and complex situations, which require the trainee to use their body as they would in the target scenario. Yet, the use of VR risks gamifying the situation and trivializing the consequences of the trainee’s choices. Making a simulated decision bear the weight of the real-world is a multifaceted problem, but one crucial aspect is ensuring simulated interventions feel and act like their real counterparts.

We present two prototype VR weapons based on the service pistol and the CEW of the RCMP. Using the SteamVR hardware development kit, with 3D printed and original manufacturer parts, we have produced synchronized virtual weapons. By reproducing the feel of these tools and matching them with their visual representation in VR we are taking initial steps towards decision-making simulation that begins to adequately represent the real-world object it simulates. Guidelines arising from the development process can help further the development of physically reproduced forms of interaction for VR training. The project advances research-creation practices, adds critically designed tools to a use-of-force training industry, and forms a unique network for co-creating innovative research focused on improving the safety of Canadians.

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Dr. Megan Smith